10 best paint pens

• 🔥DRAW ON EVERY SURFACE YOU CHOOSE! This colors are perfect for variety of surfaces like ceramic, wine glass, plastic, paper, metal, canvas, wood, rocks, stones,fabric,clothes and many more.
• 🔥ABSOLUTELY SAFE FOR YOUR HEALTH! your new markers kit is an odor-free, toxic-free craft supplies kit for kids and adult artists.take your acrylic markers to the office, school or home craft projects to a whole new level with paint pens for acrylic painting
• 🔥UNLEASH YOUR ARTISTIC TALENT with a Superior Premium quality acrylic paint markers pens set! the opaque ink will make the centerpiece for every artist, DIYer and art crafts
• 🔥The Colors Included in Your Acrylic Pens Set: Black, Brown, White, Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Pastel Blue, Blue, Violet, Pink, Light Green, Metallic Violet, Metallic Blue, Gold and Silver.
• 🔥4 NOVELTY METALLIC MARKERS INCLUDED! Find in our 16-piece craft acrylic paint pens set that will revolutionize your art !

User questions & answers

Question:	I cannot find deco art enamel where can i buy?for glass paints
Answer:	Yes
Question:	Would these work to paint sun catchers
Answer:	Hello! The Brossum brush is about 2 inches in diameter. It will be difficult to find a round brush 3 inches or more, but good luck!
Question:	They are a water proof
Answer:	Mine did not come in a nice box. It was wrapped in cellophane. It was shipped in a box but just a general shipping box. You may want to reach out to the seller and see if they have gift wrapping options.

• MULTI-SURFACE GOODNESS: Experience creativity without limitations. These water-based acrylic paint markers work on everything from porcelain, ceramic, glass, treated wood, leather, canvas, fabric, metal, to plastic. They’re perfect for creating kindness rocks, scrapbooking, or customizing mugs.
• QUALITY YOU’LL LOVE: Unlike other paint pens with ink that easily fades or colors that quickly get washed out, we’ve filled each one of ours with 3ml of premium Italian ink. Vivid, water-resistant, fade-resistant and quick-drying, the premium ink ensure your beautiful creations get to last for longer.
• RAINBOW OF COLOR: Whatever the project, this rock painting markers kit has the color to bring it to life. Every set of 12 includes a black, white, yellow, blue, green, red, pink, gold, silver, brown, orange, and violet paint pen. Looking for a great gift for that arts and crafts loving someone? You’ve found it.
• FREEDOM TO CREATE: Whether you want to color in or draw outlines, do some detail work or flex your calligraphy skills, the extra-fine 0.7mm nylon tips help you do so beautifully. You’ll love the consistent flow of the water-based ink that complements the nib to produce striking works of art.
• USE WITH CONFIDENCE: No toxins. No odors. Our brush pens conform to ASTM D-4236 safety standards. This means you can rest easy as kids channel their creativity or as you crush that project. Go ahead, make the world your canvas with multi-surface paint pens that never compromise on quality.

User questions & answers

Question:	I have a jewelry pendant that has a word that was laser marked in the metal. If I use the pen to color the letters will it easily wear off
Answer:	Not that I am aware of, and no longer have the instructions
Question:	Has anyone used these to paint on ceramic? If so how long do you bake the ceramic for and did the paint last? Do you recommend hand washing
Answer:	This is just an arts & crafts product and is not meant to be used on humans. Therefore, there would be no reason for animal testing to be conducted.
Question:	Do they come with instructions for baking temperature and baking time
Answer:	in Amazon
Question:	Were these products tested in animals
Answer:	If the sun catchers are made of glass, then yes it will work.

Product features

EXTEND YOUR CREATIVITY TO JUST ABOUT ANY SURFACE

Perfect your Passion

Let your creativity run wild; let your imagination flourish! Our acrylic paint pens are all about letting your love for art seep into the world around you. No more being limited to just paper. Now you have the freedom to put your creative touch on everything from rocks, porcelain, glass, leather, paper mache, styrofoam, plastic, metal, fabric to wood. And our paint pens don’t just treat you to beautiful results, they help you create striking projects that last. Filled with vivid, fade-resistant Italian ink, they give you the power to produce works of art that will be turning heads and sparking conversations for a while to come.

Easy to Prime

The beauty of these painting pens? Just how simple they are to use. Just shake the marker with the cap on, carefully remove the cap, press the tip down on a surface to get ink into the tip, and you’re good to go! For best results, first try out the pens on a piece of scrap paper to have the ink flowing consistently. Don’t just keep the creative goodness to yourself, grab an extra set or two to surprise those art lovers in your life; kids or adults, they’ll love these vibrant multi-surface markers!

MULTI-SURFACE GOODNESS

Experience creativity without limitations. These acrylic paint markers work on everything from porcelain, ceramic, glass, treated wood, leather, canvas, fabric, metal, to plastic. They’re perfect for creating kindness rocks, scrapbooking, or customizing mugs.

QUALITY YOU’LL LOVE

Unlike other paint pens with ink that easily fades or colors that quickly get washed out, we’ve filled each one of ours with 3ml of premium Italian ink. Vivid, water-resistant, fade-resistant and quick-drying, the premium ink ensure your beautiful creations get to last for longer

RAINBOW OF COLOR

Whatever the project, this rock painting markers kit has the color to bring it to life. Every set of 12 includes a black, white, yellow, blue, green, red, pink, gold, silver, brown, orange, and violet paint pen. Looking for a great gift for that arts and crafts loving someone? You’ve found it.

FREEDOM TO CREATE WITHOUT THE WORRY

Whether you want to color in or draw outlines, do some detail work or flex your calligraphy skills, the extra-fine 0.7mm nylon tips help you do so beautifully. You’ll love the consistent flow of the water-based ink that complements the nib to produce striking works of art. In addition, the ink in these pens contains no toxins or odors. Our brush pens conform to ASTM D-4236 safety standards.

User questions & answers

Question:	If I use for ceramic mug, do I need to bake it
Answer:	Hello dear, these markers are water-based so can only be smelled up-close, for a few seconds after use. After that, there is no odor.
Question:	Can I use it on clothes
Answer:	Hello dear, yes you can use these on resin molds. It is always best to test a small, hidden patch first. These are multi-surface, water based acrylic markers so you should have no problems with your resin mold project. Enjoy!
Question:	Do they have a strong odor
Answer:	I'm not sure but I would say yes because they are water based. It might take longer if there is some way to put a sealer over the lettering. Acrylic paints are not usually put in the "permanent" ink category that I know of. Hope this helps.
Question:	Can I use these for resin molds
Answer:	Well I didn’t use them to paint ceramics but I did use air dry clay to make a skull and the markers worked great for the details... I would probably use wider markers to paint a surface since these markers are thinner they would only work great for details!!! Hope this helps you...

• 【Premium Acrylic Paint Pen】These markers are made of opaque ink that is chemically stable, lightfast, quick-dry. Oil-based ink is odorless, non-toxic, xylene-free, acid-free, and environmental. Designed for kids, adults, students, artists, and professional designers alike.
• 【12 Vibrant Color】Paint pens comes with 12 vibrant colors,, enable to draw or add embellishments to your wood craft, glass jars, Easter plastic eggs, Christmas balls, cards, painted rocks, stones, canvas shoes, wood slices, clay potetc, fabric markers.
• 【Versatile Hard Tip Markers for Many Uses】5mm tip diameter and 2mm line thickness. Durable fine round nib allows smooth application and precision, even in small spaces. Perfect for arts and crafts, DIY projects, scrapbooks, gift card marking, journals, calendar, planners, coloring books and more. Great painting pen set for both kids and adults.
• 【Individual Package】Each paint marker pen is packaged in a separate heat shrink film to avoid leakage during shipping and storage.
• 【Satisfaction Guaranteed】If you are not satisfied with the Acrylic Paint Pens , then we will refund your money. Our professional customer service wants you to be satisfied with your purchase. Anything else and we’ll make it right and process a refund or ship a replacement unit cost-free.

User questions & answers

Question:	Would these work on fake leather pants
Answer:	Yes, these markers can work on fake leather.
Question:	Did anyone use on cotton? Does it bleed? And does it stay on even if washed in a washing machine
Answer:	It can use on cotton, it's oil-based and waterproof, it will stay on even washed in a washing machine.
Question:	Can I paint my skateboard grip tape with these
Answer:	yes it should be fine. Just do a thin layer now too thick.
Question:	Why does the title say oil based but below that the material says Acrylic? Acrylic paints cannot be oil based, they are water based. Which is it
Answer:	These markers are Oil based ink. Due to system reasons, the material shows acrylic, We will correct it as soon as possible.

Product features

Permanent Oil Based Paint Pens for Rocks Painting, Ceramic, Glass, Wood, Fabric, Mugs, Stones, Metal, Water-based Paint Markers. 12 Colors/ Set

What can these paint pens be used for?

-They are oil based paint markers, meaning that they can work on almost all surfaces.

-These paint pens will write on the following surfaces glass, paper, cardboard, fabric, rubber, plastic, canvas, metal, aluminium, brass, cars, wood, stone etc.

You can use these paint pens on a variety of surfaces, which makes them perfect for creating painted rocks, customized mugs, or posters. They are a versatile addition to your art supplies.

Why choose us?

-Marks on anything, oil based paint.

-Oil based paint, not transparent.

-The pen is made of a metal outer which holds.

-Brand new and comes sealed in plastic.

-Available in 12 Colors: Red, Pink, Brown, Yellow, Orange, Blue, Green, Purple, Black, White and metallic colors Gold, Silver.

-The tip of the pen is approximately 2.0mm-2.8mm.

• 【High-Quality Ink】Our acrylic paint pens come with highly water-based ink that dries quickly to produce a very durable opaque and glossy finish on light and dark surfaces. You’ll love the consistent flow of ink which is great for craft making or art creating
• 【Great For Detailing】24 Vibrant colors and the extra fine 0.7mm nylon tips give you precision control, easy to use for your outlining, fine line work & detailed DIY projects. Create stunning art for The Kindness Rocks Project, custom mugs and other personalized gifts
• 【Work on Multi Surfaces】Paint pens flow smooth with great coverage. Great for art creating on a variety of surfaces like rocks, stone, metal, pottery, treated smooth wood, plastic, canvas, fabric, paper, card stock, terra-cotta, polymer clay, and more
• 【Use With Confidence】No toxins, No odors, environmental friendly, And in accordance with ASTM D-4236 and EN-71 safe standards. We believe our rock paint markers will be a fantastic present for your friends and family for Easter Day,Christmas and New Year’s gift
• 【Buy With No Risk】Premium Acrylic Paint Pen Set for Rock Painting. If you're dissatisfied with our acrylic pens, feel free to contact us. (We suggest that keep each pen tight after using and shake well before second use.

User questions & answers

Question:	Will they work on fabric
Answer:	I would not recommend using these acrylic paint markers on plastic. Wood, glass, cardboard, metal are the materials that I have used them on and they work super well! Very pleased ☺️.
Question:	Do these have plastic tips
Answer:	They aren’t the best... you have really shake them up before you use them to mix the colors. The colors aren’t very intense - mid to light range. They are the least expensive but I would spend the money on better ones - POSCA (by Mitsubishi) makes great ones!
Question:	how well do these work on plastic
Answer:	Hello dear, the markers are washable, so yes, you will need to bake the mug to make your design permanent.
Question:	Are those Paint pens easy to use
Answer:	Yes, these markers can be used on fabrics including T-shirts, canvas and denim.

Product features

Acrylic Paint Pens for Rocks Painting, Wood, Fabric, Plastic

• Experience creativity without limitations.
• Vivid, water-resistant, fade-resistant and quick-drying
• Great for craft making or art creating on most surfaces like paper, stones, glass, metal, wood, plastic, canvas, fabric, jars and other DIY crafts. The acrylic paint pens set are perfect for decorate your clothes, tote bags, and shoes.

Acrylic Paint Pens for Rocks Painting, Wood, Fabric, Plastic

Experience creativity without limitations.

Vivid, water-resistant, fade-resistant and quick-drying

Great for craft making or art creating on most surfaces like paper, stones, glass, metal, wood, plastic, canvas, fabric, jars and other DIY crafts. The acrylic paint pens set are perfect for decorate your clothes, tote bags, and shoes.

• 🌈18 VIBRANT COLORS ACRYLIC PAINT PENS🌈 Colors included white, black, brown, gold, silver, red, pink, orange, yellow, purple, blue, green, light pink, light blue, leaf buds, light yellow, light purple, Beige. 18 bright colors for starting your creativity without limitation.
• 🌈NON-TOXIC & PREMIUM QUALITY🌈 Unlike other paint pen with normal material and ink that easily fades, our acrylic pens using Japanese tip and Italian ink without bleeding through. Providing firm and smooth painting experience. Our acrylic markers are quick drying, long-lasting, water resistant, non-toxic and odorless. Make sure your art design retains its original beauty for a long time and safe for both adults and children ages 3 and over.
• 🌈WORK ON MULTIPLE SURFACE🌈 Our acrylic paint markers flow smooth with great coverage. Widely creating projects on a variety of surface, like paper, rock, wood, stone, glass, rubber, plastic, ceramics, canvas, fabric, Mugs. These paint pens also a choice for DIY your own craft, scrapbooks, personalised gifts, card making, Christmas ball, canvas shoes and T-shirt, making labels, decorating wedding blackboard.
• 🌈GREAT FOR DETAILING & EASY TO USE🌈 Our 0.7mm fine tip fabric paint, easy to control for fine line work, small details, detailed shading & gradients. Before every use, simply shake the paint marker pens up and down to mix the highly pigmented ink for about 20 times. Open the cap and press the tip up and down on scrap paper until it fill with ink. Then you can start printing. Besides remember to close the cap tightly after using for avoiding the ink dry out.
• 🌈A MUST-HAVE CRAFT & GREAT GIFT🌈 Our acrylic pen is ideal gift for artists & art students. Ideal choice for DIY holiday decor like Christmas ball and Halloween pumpkin. It will also be a very thoughtful holiday gift. Choose our paint markers fine tip to make creative and unique projects with your family. You will love it !

User questions & answers

Question:	Can they be used on glass? Will the paint wash off
Answer:	I used them on the edge of wood ornaments. I don't see why they would not work on resin. You may need two coats but they are easy to use.
Question:	Do these acrylic pens have a strong odor
Answer:	No, I don't have metallics. I usually don't need them for what I do.
Question:	Do these work well to paint the edge of a resin coaster
Answer:	yes,you can use them on fabbric
Question:	for the company only) do you have a set of metallics
Answer:	Well I wouldn't say its plastic, it feels more like the tip of a dried up brush marker . I love them , they are very smooth and the paint flow is very even. You do have to shake them to get the paint mixed you can hear the little ball working, You do have to prime them by pressing the tip up & down till you see the paint come to the tip. They're transparent the colors are bright and pretty . I am very pleased with them. And for me to say that says a lot. I worked guilty control for 10 years for Fo Mo Co. I'm retired now. I think every one will be very pleaded with this product , I'm sure I will be buying them again .

Product features

7mm Fine Tip & Easy to Use

• Great for detail work and outlining.
• Shake the pens for a while before use to get vibrant colors.
• Press the tip up and down on scrap paper until it fill with ink.
• The cover is a bit tight to prevent leakage.
• It's easier to open the cap if turn the cover to the right a few turns.

Widely Use & Long-Lasting Colour

• Widely creating projects on a variety of surface, like paper, rock, wood, stone, glass, rubber, plastic, ceramics, canvas, fabric, Mugs.
• Bamoer markers have bright colors and make sure your art design retains its original beauty for a long time.
• The waterproof, UV resistant paint is great for indoor and outdoor use.

Non-toxic & Safe

• The paint is odorless and non-toxic. safe for both adults and children ages 3 and over.
• No matter you are beginners or pros, you can use it to create fun.
• Bamoer acrylic paint pens is a very thoughtful holiday gift.
• Choose our paint markers fine tip to make creative and unique projects with your family.

• 🔥DRAW ON EVERY SURFACE YOU CHOOSE! This colors are perfect for variety of surfaces like ceramic, glass, plastic, paper, metal, canvas, wood, rocks, stones,fabric,clothes and many more.
• 🔥ABSOLUTELY SAFE FOR YOUR HEALTH! your new markers kit is an odor-free, toxic-free craft supplies kit for kids and adult artists.take your acrylic markers to the office, school or home craft projects to a whole new level with paint pens for acrylic painting
• 🔥UNLEASH YOUR ARTISTIC TALENT with a Superior Premium quality acrylic paint markers pens set! the opaque ink will make the centerpiece for every artist, DIYer and art crafts
• 🔥The Colors Included in Your Acrylic Pens Set: Black, Brown, White, Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Pastel Blue, Blue, Violet, Pink, Light Green, Metallic Violet, Metallic Blue, Gold and Silver.
• 🔥4 NOVELTY METALLIC MARKERS INCLUDED! Find in our 16-piece craft acrylic paint pens set that will revolutionize your art !

User questions & answers

Question:	Do these pens work on plastic
Answer:	Try using black, then go over with red to get rustic red tone. I've done this with paint.
Question:	Will the paint in these pens write over a canvas that has been painted? I want to add detail to my abstract paintings
Answer:	Hello, Here are some tips for ceramic baking: Make sure that the surface is cleaned Don’t forget to remove all price stickers, otherwise it will burn when you bake. Once you finish with your design let it air dry for 24 hours before baking this will ensure proper adhesion of the design on the surface 1. After dry, place your project into oven 2 Turn oven between 300˚F to 350˚F 3.Set a timer for 1 hour 4. After 1 hour turn off the oven and Let the project cool down completely inside the oven. Hand-washing in warm water is the best option to wash the surface. We do not recommend using dishwasher or heavy-duty sponge. Remember-there is always a chance to scratch the paint, be extra careful with the project. Best Regards Acrylico
Question:	I am trying to find a marker for wood in a rustic red color. Anybody know where i can find this
Answer:	Yes. I have tried these acrylic fine tip paint pens on my window. It works great and colors are beautiful. After drying, I wash it and the painting remains. Just like the description said, it is waterproof.
Question:	What if the baking time for porcelain is different than the markers how would that work? Thank you
Answer:	Our paint pens for rocks are premium and eco-friendly. There is no odor when paint.

• PREMIUM ACRYLIC PAINT PEN：High-quality oil-based opaque and non-toxic permanent ink will allow bold expression on any art surface, and once you finish, the paint result will be bright and vibrant. .Write well on paper, fabric, metal, stone, marble, rubber, ceramic, wood, glass, plastic and many more! Waterproof, quick-drying, smear and fade resistant.
• 20 ASSORTED VIBRANT COLOR PAIN PENS : Black, Red, Blue, Green, Gold (Metallic) , Silver (Metallic) , Yellow, White, Pink, Orange, Purple, Brown, Blue Impact, Light Green, Light Purple, Lemon Yellow, Khaki, Light Red, Cream Yellow, Dark Gray. Both beginners and professionals can better release your creativity !
• SAFE& NON-TOXIC: Emooqi waterproof paint pen use OIL-BASED environmentally friendly pigment inks, NON-TOXIC and ODORLESS, SUM-PROOF, water-proof, quick-drying, NO LEAKAGE, strong covering power, It is Conform strictly to EN-71, ASTM D-4236 safety standards.Adults and children can use it with confidence.
• INDIVIDUAL PACKAGE: Each paint marker pen is packed in a separate heat shrink film to avoid leakage during shipping and storage. These premium marker pens will make your creations TOP, regardless of whether you create wonderful unique gifts for family and friends.
• FIRST-CLASS SERVICE:Your satisfaction is always our top priority. If you have any questions before sales, please contact. If you encounter any problems during use, please contact us as soon as possible. We will solve it for you within 24 hours. Emooqi strives to provide customers with first-class products and will provide you with satisfactory solutions.

• Best quality & Beautiful design. Vivid, highly pigmented acrylic ink dries quickly to produce a very durable opaque and glossy finish on light and dark surfaces.
• Multi-purpose. Enjoy creating art projects on virtually any surface: fabric, textile, canvas, metal, pottery, treated wood, plastic, stone, terra-cotta, polymer clay, rock & more. Resistant to water, fading, and abrasion.
• Great for ceramic, glass, porcelain. Create stunning custom mugs and other personalized gifts for your loved ones. Painting is permanent after baking. Not dishwasher safe.
• Medium Point: Broad tipped markers can be too wide, and it takes forever to create and fill in a design with fine tipped markers. These medium tipped markers are perfect for both fine details and filling in large areas.
• Acrylic ink: 12 vibrant, non-toxic, no odor colors; gold, silver, black, brown, orange, green, yellow, white, pink, red, blue, purple

User questions & answers

Question:	Can I bake glass mason jars at 340 degrees
Answer:	Hello,It is certainly your option as this paint is Fast Drying and has a Flexible Coating.There is a No Peel Promise - Adhesion GuaranteeUsage:Adheres to carpets, seats, dashboards & door panels. Restores color on vinyl, simulated leather & some fabrics. Provides excellent adhesion that won't rub off, crack, or peel. Ideal for use on vinyl furniture, luggage, car seats, car door panels, dashboards, floor mats, & more. Dries to the touch in 10 minutes, to handle in 1 hour, & fully dry in 24 hours.Thank you Customer ServiceTish
Question:	DO they work well with Canvas/ fabric? Do they bleed
Answer:	It’s Matte,It only sticks good to plastics that vinyl.
Question:	can you use them to paint rocks
Answer:	If the fabric is vinyl, yes. I use it on a black vinyl chair. It looks great.
Question:	Are these microwavable? Like after they're on the mug
Answer:	you should be fine with one can I did a Rubbermaid set and had plenty left over

Product features

Craft on any surface you can think of, with Artistro paint pens!

Use on just about any surface: Artistro paint pens work best on stone, ceramic, glass, porcelain, metal, plastic, paper, wood, and canvas. Let your imagination flow as smoothly as an Artistro marker’s ink!

Create pieces you've been dying to make in less time

Professional quality, Artistro paint pens are perfect for artists who create commissioned artworks: you will save time with our fast-drying ink. Now, artists who have small businesses can create more with Artistro paint pens.

Easy to start - joy to use!

Paint pens require a few easy steps to get them ready for use.

• Shake the marker energetically up and down with the cap on
• Press the tip several times on a spare piece of paper until the tip is filled with paint. Test the flow on your spare paper.
• Enjoy creating!
• Don't forget to clean the tip after each use and RE-CAP!

• 【Vibrant 32 Colors】8 METALLIC OUTLINE COLORS: Metal Green, Metal Blue, Metal Yellow, Metal HotPink, Metal SkyBlue, Metal Black, Metal Orange and Purple. 2 Special colors: GOLDEN, SILVERY. 22 Basic colors: Black, White, Lemon Yellow, Red, Pink, Light Purple, Peppermint Green, Light Blue, Light Orange, Bright Green, Claret, Dark Blue, Chocolate, Chrysanthemum Pink, Bluish Violet, Gouache Orange, Butterfly Blue, Rose Red, Light Brown, etc.
• 【Premium Quality & Elegant Design】Moxix acrylic paint set comes with 24 PIECES OF 1MM AND 8 PIECES OF 2MM PLASTIC FINE TIPS, which are STURDY AND WEAR-RESISTANT. The shaft of pens is round and COMFORTABLE TO USE. The cap is designed to be EASY TO CARRY, anti-rolling, excellent air tightness, and prevents the ink from volatilizing.
• 【Multipurpose】 The acrylic paint flow smooth with great coverage. Great for craft making or art creating on virtually any surface, such as ROCK, STONES, WOOD, FABRIC, CANVAS SHOES, MUGS, GLASS, PLASTIC etc. And it is suitable for making labels, decorating wedding blackboards, painting on stained glass , or rock art projects. It will also be a very thoughtful holiday gift.
• 【Safe& Non-toxic】Our paint pens use WATER-BASED environmentally friendly pigment inks, NON-TOXIC and ODORLESS, SUM-PROOF, water-proof, quick-drying, NO LEAKAGE, strong covering power, It is Conform to ASTM D-4236 safety standards.
• 【Purchase Without Risk】Every Product is independently tested and selected to ensure the performance you expect.

User questions & answers

Question:	I would like to use these to paint on plastic. will the paint scratch or peel off? i want to use them on funko pops specifically
Answer:	Yes.Actually there are 10 metallic colors
Question:	I want to paint a mural on the wall with these paint markers. Should I seal the work with varnish or anything afterwards
Answer:	No, I haven't noticed any odor.
Question:	Are the silver and gold metallic
Answer:	Yes, but it is a fairly thin paint, so you'll want to lay the plastic item flat to paint.
Question:	Do they have a strong odor
Answer:	Yes, it will work well on canvas and will not damage the nibs, but you need to know what heaviness of paint you want. Remember that if you press down to release paint you will get a thick line. If you need a fine line, I suggest to dab it on a piece of paper before use it on canvas.