14 best syma iphone drones
SYMA X500 4K Drone with UHD Camera for Adults, Easy GPS Quadcopter for Beginner with 56mins Flight Time, Brush Motor, 5GHz FPV Transmission, Auto Return Home, Follow Me, Light Positioning, 2 Batteries
SYMA
- 2pcs Batteries&56mins Flying Time--EX500 quadcopter offer 2 batteries to give you up to 40 minutes immersive flying experience.Compared with other drones, we offer more flying time to enjoy it.what is more, 250g lightweight yet powerful save you from FAA registry. Headless Mode, Altitude Mode and One Key to Take-off / Land functions make it so easy to operate.
- 4K UHD Camera with 120°FOV AND 90°UP/DOWN - Make your journey more memorable! Excellent camera enriches your vision with new performance and helps to capture greater dynamic range providing you with advanced high-resolution shots. The wide-angle lens combined with a 90° vertical gimble movement ultimately allows you to see the world from a greater perspective.
- GPS Auto Return,Follow Me, Object Trace&Custom Path--never to worry to start a drone flying adventure anywhere at your house lawn or at the world's end. Up to 12 GPS satellites accompany the drone wherever in the world you may be.it traced and automatically follow you,let you focus on the moment,take a good selfie. Besides, it will fly as you want once you set a unique path.
- Photo&Record Button with Hand Gestures--The control range of 2.4GHz transmitter reaches to 10000 feet high range.Easy to control the aircraft to record and photo by your hand gestures under the 300inch distance.Intelligent optical flow positioning system support real-time observe the ground situation.No worries during flying.
- Eco-Friendly Remote Control without AA Battery--It is a good choice as a gift with good value and low price. no need to buy AA battery which is more convenient and also it helps to protect the environment compared with other same function products. and the RC drone with server certifications.more fun,more safe.
Product features
4K FHD Camera with 120°FOV AND 90°UP/DOWN
Excellent camera enriches your vision with new performance and helps to capture greater dynamic range providing you with advanced high-resolution shots. The wide-angle lens combined with a 90° vertical gimble movement ultimately allows you to see the world from a greater perspective.
GPS Return to Home
Press the Return button when the drone in GPS mode, it will fly back to the home point that you set as take off place. And it can automatically returns if it runs out of power or loses connection in the GPS mode. Never worry about losing it.
Follow Me
Follow me mode make the X500 rc drone always follow your steps and point. The camera will catch your every move and take aerial photos/videos.
Circle Fly
Set more points on the map within the app,the drone will fly along the path you draw on the app to focus on capturing photos and videos, seize the beautiful scenery and get outdoor fun.
Daw a path
Simply draw a route on the App screen, you can use Tap fly function to set points on map. The drone would automatically follow and fly along the pointed way points.
28*2 Mins Flying Time
The military-grade intelligent battery is safe and durable with a longer flight time of up to 28 minutes for 1 Battery. Dual Balance Charger is included.
Recharged Remote Control
no need to buy AA battery which is more convenient and also it helps to protect the environment compared with other same function products.
More Fun Functions
Hand-Gesture Shooting
- With one hand gestures can take a photo. Make a “Victory” sign in front of the camera, and when the camera recognizes it, the camera can auto shoot one picture. Put your palm in front of the camera to record a video.
Share your Happiness
- Save the pictures and the MV by X500 drone and share them to friends or social platforms, you will get lots of likes!
VR mode
- Download the syma APP and choose the VR mode， and than put your phone in the VR glasses(Not Included), provides an amazing visual fidelity and outstanding VR experience. You can enjoy first person view real time live video directly with it.
Cheerwing W1PRO GPS Drone with 1080P Camera for Adults, Quadcopter with Brushless Motor, Auto Return Home, Follow Me, Gesture Control, Long Flight Time
Cheerwing
Product description
Features:
- Basic Function: One Key Take off / Landing, Auto Hover, Headless Mode, Low / High Speed, App Control;
- Dual Camera: 1080P 5G WIFI Front Camera and 720P WIFI Bottom Camera for FPV Live Video;
- Optical Flow Positioning, enables for Human Tracking;
- One Key Return by GPS, Low Battery Auto return, No Signal Auto Return;
- GPS Follow Me, automatically follow and capture your every move;
- Gesture Control, take photos and videos automatically by making specific gestures;
- Custom Flight Route in Optical Flow Mode, Waypoint Flight & Surround Flight in GPS Mode;
Specification:
- Drone Size: 295 x 295 x 60 mm
- Weight (Including Battery): 249g / 0.55 lbs ( no need to register with FAA)
- Control Distance: 250M (Outdoor And Unobstructed)
- Wi-Fi Distance: 200M (Outdoor and Unobstructed)
- Remote Controller Frequency: 2.4GHz
- 5G Wi-Fi Required Systems: IOS 8.0 / Android 4.4 or later, Support 5G WiFi
- Drone Battery: 7.4V 1800mAh (2pcs Included)
- Flight time: 15-18 Minutes
- Max Charging Time：About 200 Minutes
- Controller Battery: 4 ""AA"" batteries (not include)
Package Includes:
- 1 x W1PRO Camera Drone
- 1 x Remote Control
- 2 x Drone Batteries
- 1 x Spare Propellers
- 1 x Phone Clip
- 1 x USB Charging Cable
- Dual Cameras: Drone with 1080P HD front camera and the 720P bottom camera, supports 5G WiFi FPV real time transmission, provides you with clear and fluent live video feed, offers a thrilling flight experience.
- Worry-Free Flight: With GPS Positioning, W1PRO Camera Drone can hover stably for aerial photography and videography, and return to home precisely whenever battery is low, signal is lost, or you like to fly it back by one key.
- Follow Me and Gesture Control: In GPS mode, the drone will automatically follow wherever you move. Simply making specific gestures, the drone will turn into Palm control mode, and can take photos and videos automatically. Ideal for selfie!
- More Fun to Fly: Altitude Hold, One Key Take-off / Landing functions make easier access to kids or beginners. Custom Flight Route in Optical Flow Mode, Waypoint Flight & Surround Flight in GPS Mode provides more fun during flight.
- Extand Flight Time: Maximum of 18-minutes flight time and double batteries allows you to fly longer and view further. Perfect drone for adults, kids and beginners, Ideal Gift for your kids, boys, friends and father!
User questions & answers
| Question: | Will this drone be able to follow or circle objects instead of persons |
| Answer: | if you put the cell phone you are using with the remote it can follow that object |
| Question: | So if my phone uses 4g only then the drone wouldn't be able to work with it |
| Answer: | The seller and other users are conflating 5G wifi with 5G cell service. In this instance they are talking about WiFi. 5G WiFi is just 5 gigahertz or 5 Ghz, also known as 802.11n or 802.11ac, and has been around for many years. If you have a phone that was produced in the last 4-5 years, it should be compatible with 5 GHz WiFi (there are some exceptions). 5G cell service on the other hand is VERY new, and almost no phones have it (as of late 2019). Unless you paid $1500 for your phone, you don't have 5G cell service, but the good news is that you don't need it for this product. |
| Question: | How much weight can this drone carry and is it water proof or resistant |
| Answer: | The W1 Pro is definitely not designed to carry any weight and if you add anything more that 1-2 grams you will have to register it with the FAA since you would be over 250 grams. Its definitely not waterproof. It may be water resistant only to some degree. |
| Question: | Syma w1 pro has slot for sd card |
| Answer: | Yes it does, in fact it comes with a SD card |
Product features
W1PRO Brushless RC Drone with GPS and 1080P HD Camera 5G FPV Live Video
The W1PRO is upgraded with the latest image and video transmission technology, equipped with advanced 1080P HD 5G WiFi Camera and 720P Bottom Camera with an “Optical Flow Positioning” feature, providing high resolution and wide view that help you capture every aerial moment.
W1PRO Camera Drone also has Auto-Hovering, Low/High Speed, App Gravity Control, Gesture Control, Smart Return, Custom Flight .... and provides a 18 minutes’ stable flight with your kids and friends. With the GPS positioning system, the drone will follow you and track your every move, and return smartly in any emergency. Provides you a safest and most fun flight experience!
GPS Positioning & Smart Return Home
In GPS mode, press the Return button and the drone will fly back to home points (One Key to Return).
It also can return to home precisely whenever battery is low or signal is lost.
Follow Me & Human Tracking
In GPS Mode, the drone will automatically follow wherever you move.
Ideal drone for selfie and taking photos or videos the way you like.
Gesture Control
Simply making specific gestures, the drone will turn into Palm control mode, and can take photos and videos automatically.
It also can be controlled by plam. After making specific gestures, the drone will be fly up / down, forward / backward, turn left / right by following movement of the plam.
Custom Flight Route
Designed with Trajectory Flight (in Optical Flow Mode), Waypoint Flight and Surround Flight Function (in GPS Mode), you can customize your own flight route and exprience your hands-free flight.
Dual Cameras
W1PRO Camera Drone is equipped with 1080P HD Front Camera and the 720P Bottom Camera, supports 5G WiFi FPV real time transmission, provides you with clear and fluent live video feed, offers a thrilling flight experience.
One Key Take-off / Landing
Take control quickly and easily with One Key Take-off and Landing function, perfect for kids, beginners and novice pilots.
And this drone also has Emergency Stop function that prepared for unmanageable situation.
Altitude Hold Mode
With Altitude Hold Mode, drone will hover at a certain height when you release the throttle stick, which makes it easier to control the drone for beginner and kids, and more stable for aerial photography and videography.
Headless Mode
Under Headless Mode, the drone’s direction will be orientated to the direction of the pilot. Great function when the drone is out of sight. It also makes flying easier even for kids and beginners.
Specification:
- Drone Size: 295 x 295 x 60 mm
- Weight (Including Battery): 249g / 0.55 lbs ( no need to register with FAA)
- Brushless Motor: 1815 2400KV Motor
- Drone Battery: 7.4V 1800mAh Li-ion Battery (2pcs Included)
- Flight Time: 15-18 Minutes
- Max Charging Time：About 200 Minutes
- Controller Battery: 4 "AA" batteries (not include)
You also can set a specific flight distance and height in reference mode by using the "Parameter" icon in APP.
Syma X5SW Explorers2 2.4G 4CH 6-Axis Gyro RC Headless Quadcopter with 0.3MP Wifi Camera (FPV) BLACK
SYMA
Product description
Colorful Flashing Lights Colorful flashing lights make it fun to play during the day time or night both indoor or outdoor Blade Protector Comes equipped with a blade protector for safe flights. Protect your blades if there are any minor crashes. Product Size Body Length: 12.4 inches / 315 mm Body Width: 12.4 inches / 315 mm Body Height: 4.1 inches / 105 mm Description: Channel: 4CH with 6 Axis State of Assembly: Ready-To-Fly (RTF) Controller Battery: 4 AA batteries(not include) Controller Mode: MODE2 (left throttle hand) Remote Distance: About 50 Meters Shatter Resistant Charging Voltage: 3.7V 500mAh Lithium battery Charging Time: About 120 Minutes (USB charging) Product Dimensions: 12.4 x 12.4 x 4.1 in (315 x 315x 105mm) Support phone type: IOS and Android Includes: 1 x SYMA X5SW Quadcopter 1 x 2.4G Transmitter 1 x 3.7V 500mAh Li-poly Battery 1 x 0.3MP wifi Camera 4 x landing gear 2 x Spare Blades 1 x USB Charger 1 x Protecting frame 4 x Screws 1 x Screwdriver 1 x Smart Phone Clipper 1 x Manual
- 0.3MP Camera.
- Wifi Version, support picture and video, support IOS/Android users.
- Built-in 6 axis gyro, strong stability, easily implement various flight movements, stronger wind resistance, easier to control.
- With 360° 3D eversion function and throwing flight function.
- 4CH aircraft possesses amazing functions such as up/down, left/right sideward fight, forward/backward, turn left/right with lights
User questions & answers
| Question: | How many pounds is it |
| Answer: | Yes, the handheld controller is shown in the lower left corner of the first picture in the listing. It has two joysticks on the top that you would control with your thumbs, and a power button centered between the joysticks. You can see these in that picture. There are also 4 buttons that you would press with your index fingers (two on each side). Those are out of view on the top of the controller (based on the perspective from the first picture). Note that they may change the order of the images after I post this answer. |
| Question: | how many minutes can you fly it |
| Answer: | the product is suit for indoor flight. so the distance of flight is about 1181inch( 30meters). thanks very much! |
| Question: | Does it show live video feed |
| Answer: | it needs 4*AA battery. Thanks |
| Question: | how do I connect my android phone to camera |
| Answer: | Amazon. Just search the battery model #, and I recommend getting a spider charger- it charges 6-8 batteries at a time. Although the battery life is excellant on this drone, 2 batteries should be the max used before at least a 5-10 minute break to allow the motors to cool down. The motors are ultra high rpm, and their tiny form factor makes it hard to build super HD ones that size. If I’m not mistaken they are brushed motors,( vs brushless), and therefore, the contacts that create the rotation ,( called brushes ), can and will wear out eventually. If multiple batteries are run, keeping the motors hot, they wear out at a much faster rate. Maybe not a concern, and yes, if you are tech savvy motors are a snap to replace, but I recommend against it, as there are separate rotations based on position on drone, and micro soldering which is always much easier on YouTube videos, than real life, trust me. Good Luck, the charger shouldn’t be more than $10 or so, & a multi charger is often attached to a std usb cable - to any std per brick like a cell phone charger. Good day. |
Syma X5C 4 Channel 2.4GHz RC Explorers Quad Copter w/ Camera
Syma
Product description
Main Features: 6-axis Gyro stabilization system makes the helicopter more stable and flexible when flying. Wind resistant and can be flown indoors or outdoors Modular design structure is applied, more simple for assembly and convenient for maintenance 360 degree Eversion and throwing flight function. Equipped with HD Camera Left / Right hand throttle mode can be changeable by the transmitter (2 in 1) Includes: 1 x Syma X5C RC Quad Copter 1 x 2.4G Remote Controller (does not include 1.5v AA batteries) 1 x USB charging cable 4 x Rotating blade 4 x Protection frames 2 x Landing skids 1 x Screwdriver 1 x 3.7V 500mAh LiPO battery 1 x User Manual.
- Equipped with HD camera.
- Perform flips at the press of a button with 360 degree eversion, Wind resistant and can be flown indoors or outdoors
- 6-axis Gyro stabilization system ensures maximum stability during flight
- 7 Minute flight time and 100 minute charge time.
- Kindly refer the User manual for troubleshooting steps.
User questions & answers
| Question: | Suitable to fly through my 20 inch eagle pro obstacle course hoops |
| Answer: | Dear customer, Thank you for contacting us! The remote controller can be used on every X20 drone. If you want to fly more than one drone without interfere, please get the drone flown one by one. Any questions please feel free to contact us! Sincerely yours Cifond |
| Question: | how well does the camera work |
| Answer: | Dear customer Thanks for contacting us! There are two types of batteries to power the drone. A chargeable lithium battery comes with the drone and four alkaline cells need to be purchased by yourself. I'm sorry to tell you that no spare batteries come with the drone. Sincerely yours Cifond |
| Question: | whats the actual video resolution |
| Answer: | Dear customer Thank you for contacting us! Because the remote distance is about 20 meters, the maximum distance of the drone is about 20 meters. Any questions please feel free to contact us! Sincerely Cifond |
| Question: | I lost my the first time I flew it. Any way to find it |
| Answer: | It makes a buzzing fan noise, but I wouldnt say it's loud. |
Product features
Spare Propeller (4)
Blade Guard (4)
Battery: 3.7V 500 Mah Li-poly
Syma X300 Foldable Drone with Camera for Adults 1080P FHD FPV Live Video, Optical Flow Positioning, Tap Fly, Altitude Hold, Headless Mode, 3D Flips, Quadcopter for Kids Beginners, 2 Batteries 40mins
SYMA
- Stable and Clearer Views: X300 Camera Drone equipped with a 1080p HD camera and FPV real-time Wi-Fi Transmission let you experience the fast and clear first person view flight and brings the excellent video and picture for you. Capture a HD footage and directly saved, share the amazing view to social media with just one click.
- Smart APP Control: You can not only control this FPV drone by remote control but also control it by Syma APP. Syma APP is equipped with many interesting functions, such as flight path mode. Draw a route on your app then the drone will fly along the path you set. Add much fun to your flight!
- Advance Optical Flow Positioning: The technology of optical flow positioning makes the remote control quadcopter hover more stable, and achieve better performance in precise location and photograph.
- Flying Longer: Features with Low-voltage protection and over-current protection and equipped with 4 Propeller Guards that fully protects the propellers and improves flight experience; 2 Powerful batteries support up to 40 Mins fly, modular design make it easier to charge.
- User Friendly: Headless Mode, Altitude Mode and One Key to Take-off / Land function make easier access to kids or beginners, adapts to all experience levels even for kids and beginners. This remote control drone with camera is a ideal gift for your child or friend.
User questions & answers
| Question: | Remote won’t connect to the drone how can I fix it |
| Answer: | Please place the drone on a level surface and move the left and right joysticks to the lower right corner for approximately 3 seconds. The indicator will flash rapidly and then stay constant to indicate that the calibration process is complete. If there any other question， just feel free to contact us via Amazon. Best regards, SYMA Customer Service Team |
| Question: | Use with android or just iPhones? Is this able to be used with an ipad instead of a smart phone |
| Answer: | The application can be used both on android and iPhones. It requires the operating system of iOS 8.0 or later, Android 5.0 or later. If you have any questions about our products,please reach us Sincerely, Syma Customer Service |
| Question: | How many batteries does the controller require |
| Answer: | The remote control of Syma X300 drone is require 4"AA"batteries(not included the package).If you have any questions about our products,please reach us Sincerely, Syma Customer Service |
| Question: | Does it have a sd card |
| Answer: | It doesn't have a sd card in the package. If you have any questions about our products,please reach us Sincerely, Syma Customer Service |
Product features
X300 Remote Control Drone with Camera for Adults
X300 with built-in 1080P camera is a Ready-to-fly drone which means it requires little to no assembly and is ready to fly out of the box. And the advance optical flow positioning provide stable hover，allow you to capture a hight resolution photo.
This premium-graded foldable camera drone is built with durable plastic that provides superior durability against crashes and rough impacts. To pilot the Syma X300 drone, simply push the joystick. If you want to view real-time video, you can mount your smartphone on the remote controller and connect it.
Meanwhile, X300 drone comes with Tap Fly Mode, Gravity Control Mode when you use the syma app to control it. What's more, for flying experience consideration, this foldable camera drone has built-in low battery warning, and of course, and LED lights on it helps you spot it during day and night times.
Features of Syma X300 RC Drones with HD 1080P Camera
- 1080P camera & WIFI Real-Time Transmission Function
- Optical positioning & Hover function
- Headless mode
- 360° Flip Function
- High/Low Speed Function
- One Button Take off / Landing
- Longer Flight Time---Total of 40 minutes of flight time with 2 batteries (20 minutes each)
- APP control
Advance Feature:
Daw a path:Simply draw a route on the App screen, you can use Tap fly function to set points on map. The drone would automatically follow and fly along the pointed way points.
Gravity Control：A built-in G-sensor is designed to allow controlling the drone by adjusting the vertical and horizontal position of your smartphone via the SYMA App .
Optical Flow Positioning：Bottom camera is equipped for locking the target and assist the player to operate a stable indoor flight. This Optical Flow ensures a stable and easier operation of the drone, ideal for kids and beginners.
One Key Start / Landing：Take control quickly and easily with one key takeoff and landing, with Altitude Hold, the drone can in the air steadily than similar on the market, perfect for beginners.
Headless Mode：Under headless mode, the orientation of the drone is in relation to the pilot you can fly without worry the direction especially when the drone is out of sight. When the drone in low power, the drone will send alert to remind you fly back.
Low battery warning：Sailing too far out of control? Don't worry, your remote transmitter will emit a low-signal alarm for a few minutes to let you know when the boat is almost out of power.
3D Flip：One key press the right joystick middle key to get the 3D flip of the drone in the air. Kids will sure like this function and attract their eyes. An ideal flying toy for both kids and beginners.
Foldable Design & Double Flight Time：Foldable & flexible blades make the drone small and portable, 2 modular batteries can support up to 40mins flight time for you and your family, which makes your flight more exciting and interesting.
Syma X5SW Explorers2 2.4G 4CH 6-Axis Gyro RC Headless Quadcopter with 2MP HD Wifi Camera (FPV) White Fpv drone
SYMA
- Equipped with the latest 6-axis flight control systems
- X5SW equipped with HD camera to take photos and videos while flying! Bring a new perspective to your photos and videos from the air.
- Wifi FPV X5SW allows you to view photos & video while flying It supports any IOS and Android phones. The cell phone holder keeps your phone secure all the time
User questions & answers
| Question: | Is this a headless drone |
| Answer: | I assume it is since it states the drone as a headless quadcopter. |
| Question: | How much time it can fly from one charge only |
| Answer: | I have not timed exact flight time ,but would judge it to be 5 to 6 minutes, This from Richard Snyder- Elaine's husband. |
Cheerwing Syma X20 Mini Drone for Kids and Beginners RC Nano Quadcopter with Auto Hovering 3D Flip(White)
Cheerwing
- Small Drone for Kids and Adults: upgraded with multi features, more stable and more suitable for kids and novice users. Ideal drone toy as a birthday or holiday gift.
- One Key Take-off and Landing function: allow beginner to easy to fly the drone without any skill. One Touch Down function is most important to protect the drone when it is out of control or low battery power, the drone will fly down slowly and land on the ground automatically before the motors stopping.
- Hover / Altitude Hold Mode: Drone altitude specified a flight mode. Beginners easy to manipulate.
- Headless Mode makes easier flight: Once the fuselage direction can not be recognized, it can enter headless mode so as to continue the flight.
- One key 360° roll, continuous roll for perfect action and wonderful performance. Designed LED lights are fitted for night flight possibilities, leaving a beautiful landscape in the night sky.
User questions & answers
| Question: | can one buy additional batteries |
| Answer: | Nope |
| Question: | My x20 stopped working after 3 flights. do not bind anymore. i already opened both controller and drone, but nothing loose. any advice |
| Answer: | Dear, thanks for your question. Please let us know more details, we will offer you a good solution: How long of the each charging time? Is this Drone not bind after turn one, right? Are the lights blinking after turn one? It might battery damage, Drone damaged or just need to resetting. We can't make sure right now. Please contact us on Amazon for confirm more details of this issue. Then, we will offer you a good solution. Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Your sincerely, Cheerwing |
| Question: | Does it have removable battery |
| Answer: | It does not have a removable battery. |
| Question: | Does it come with a controller |
| Answer: | Yes a very small one |
Product features
Cheerwing Syma X20 Pocket Drone with Altitude Hold Mode and One Key Take-off / Landing
This Syma X20 Mini Drone is the newest small drone upgraded with multi features, such as Altitude Hold Mode, One Key Take-off / Landing. It is more stable and more suitable for kids and novice users. Mini Size, Great Fun!
Specifications:
- Drone Size: 10.5 x 10.5 x 2.5 cm / 4.13 x 4.13 x 0.98 inches
- Built-in Drone Battery: 3.7V 180mAh Li-Po battery
- Item Weight:225 g / 7 oz
- Flight Time: About 5 minutes
- Charging Time: Approx. 50 minutes
- Control distance: 50 meters
- Battery for controller: 4 "AAA" batteries required (not included)
- Function: Up/down, forward/back, turn left/right, left side fly / right side fly, one key take off/landing, 360 degrees rolling, hover
Charging Tips:
- Because the USB Charging Port is fragile, please do not bend so as to keep the drone last as long as possible.
- Please don't push too hard when you connect the charger to the USB port.
Hover / Altitude Hold Mode and Headless Mode
One Key Take Off / Landing
Pocket Size Design, Great Fun
360° Eversion:
One key 360° roll, continuous roll for perfect action and wonderful performance.
LED Lights:
Designed with LED lights are fitted for night flight possibilities
Syma X8C Venture with 2MP Wide Angle Camera 2.4G 4CH RC Quadcopter - Orange
: Syma Item Name: 2.4G 4CH RC Quadcopter with 2MP 5MP Wide Angle Camera Item NO.: Syma X8C Color: Orange Frequency: 2.4G Channel: 4CH Control Distance: 100m Playing Time: 7mins Charging time: About 200mins Battery: 7.4V 2000mAh Li-on Battery for Transmitter: 4 x AA battery (not included) Product Size: 50 x 50 x 19 cm Battery Size: 9 x 3 x 1.5cm Box Size: 35 x 35 x 17cm Package Weight: About 1856g ----------------------------------------------------------- Package Included: 1 x Quadcopter 1 x Transmitter 1 x Camera 4 x Blade 4 x Protection Frame 4 x Skid Landing 1 x USB Cable 1 x Battery 1 x Memory Card 1 x Card Reader 1 x Screwdriver 1 x English Manual
